ABSTRACT High-fat diet-induced obesity is associated with metabolic disorders. The Brazil nut has bioactive substances and has been used to control the damage caused by obesity in several organs. The work intended to show the damage caused by high-fat diet in the bladder wall and if the Brazil nut oil added to the diet could ameliorate or reverse this effect. Sixty-day-old rats were divided into two groups: C (control, n = 30) and HF (high-fat, n = 30) diets. At 90 days, 10 animals of each group were sacrificed. The others were divided into 4 groups: C and HF (animals that maintained their previous diet, n = 10 for each group) and C / Bno and HF / Bno (animals whose control or high-fat diet was supplemented by Brazil nut oil, n = 10 for each group). Sacrifice occurred at 120 days, and the bladders were removed and analyzed. Epithelial height was increased in the HF compared to the C group. In contrast, the C / Bno had a lower epithelial height compared to the others. The percentage of collagen between the detrusor muscle fibers was significantly greater in C / Bno, HF and HF / Bno than in control group. The HF had a larger muscle fiber diameter than the C group, while the C / Bno presented lower values than the HF and HF / Bno groups. HF diets induced bladder wall damage. These changes in the rat's bladder wall were partially reversed by the Bno.

Foi avaliado o consumo alimentar de animais adultos submetidos à restrição protéica, cujas mães receberam dieta hipoprotéica ou hipocalórica na lactação: controle (C) ração normal com 23% de proteína; restrição protéica (RP) 8% de proteína; restrição energética (RE) 23% de proteína, em quantidade restrita à ingerida pelo grupo restrição protéica. Após o desmame todos os filhotes receberam ração normal até 60 dias e nesta época foram submetidos, por 21 dias, ao seguinte tratamento: (C/C)-filhotes de mães C recebendo ração normal; (restrição protéica/controle)-filhotes de mães Controle, recebendo ração hipoprotéica; (C/RP)-filhotes de mães RP recebendo ração normal; (RP/RP)-filhotes de mães RP recebendo ração hipoprotéica; (C/RE)-filhotes de mães RE recebendo ração normal; (RP/RE)-filhotes de mães RE recebendo ração hipoprotéica. Os filhotes de mães RP consumiram menos ração até 57 dias (p<0,01), enquanto os filhotes de mães RE normalizaram a ingestão aos 37 dias. Aos 81 dias, os animais submetidos à restrição protéica consumiram menos ração (p<0,01). A dieta materna na lactação modificou o consumo alimentar e o peso corporal da prole na vida adulta, estando, possivelmente, a restrição protéica associada a uma alteração permanente no controle hipotalâmico da seleção de nutrientes da prole.

This study evaluated food intake of adult animals whose mothers received protein- or energy-restricted diets during lactation as follows: control (C)- 23% of protein; protein-restricted (PR) - 8% of protein; energy-restricted (ER) - 23% of protein, restricted in quantity. After weaning all pups received the control diet until 60 days, when they were separated into groups, with free access to the following diets during 21 days: (C/C)- pups of control dams fed control diet; (PR/C)-pups of control dams fed protein-restricted diet; (C/PR)- pups of protein-restricted dams fed control diet; (PR/PR)-pups of protein-restricted dams fed protein-restricted diet; (C/ER)-pups of energy-restricted dams fed control diet; (PR/ER)-pups of energy-restricted dams fed protein-restricted diet. Pups of protein-restricted dams consumed less food until day 57 (p<0.01), while pups of energy-restricted dams normalized their ingestion at 37 days. At 81 days, all malnourished animals consumed less food than the control (p<0.01). The kind of diet consumed in the lactation period changed the food intake and the body weight of the offspring in the adulthood. So, the protein restriction can possibly be associated with a permanent alteration in the hypothalamic control of nutrients selection of the offspring.